SBOM
Generating
Trivy can generate the following SBOM formats.
CLI commands
To generate SBOM, you can use the --format option for each subcommand such as image, fs and vm.
$ trivy image --format spdx-json --output result.json alpine:3.15
$ trivy fs --format cyclonedx --output result.json /app/myproject
Result
{
"bomFormat": "CycloneDX",
"specVersion": "1.3",
"serialNumber": "urn:uuid:2be5773d-7cd3-4b4b-90a5-e165474ddace",
"version": 1,
"metadata": {
"timestamp": "2022-02-22T15:11:40.270597Z",
"tools": [
{
"vendor": "aquasecurity",
"name": "trivy",
"version": "dev"
}
],
"component": {
"bom-ref": "pkg:oci/alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300?repository_url=index.docker.io%2Flibrary%2Falpine&arch=amd64",
"type": "container",
"name": "alpine:3.15",
"version": "",
"purl": "pkg:oci/alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300?repository_url=index.docker.io%2Flibrary%2Falpine&arch=amd64",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SchemaVersion",
"value": "2"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:ImageID",
"value": "sha256:c059bfaa849c4d8e4aecaeb3a10c2d9b3d85f5165c66ad3a4d937758128c4d18"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:RepoDigest",
"value": "alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:DiffID",
"value": "sha256:8d3ac3489996423f53d6087c81180006263b79f206d3fdec9e66f0e27ceb8759"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:RepoTag",
"value": "alpine:3.15"
}
]
}
},
"components": [
{
"bom-ref": "pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-baselayout@3.2.0-r18?distro=3.15.0",
"type": "library",
"name": "alpine-baselayout",
"version": "3.2.0-r18",
"licenses": [
{
"expression": "GPL-2.0-only"
}
],
"purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-baselayout@3.2.0-r18?distro=3.15.0",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcName",
"value": "alpine-baselayout"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcVersion",
"value": "3.2.0-r18"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDigest",
"value": "sha256:59bf1c3509f33515622619af21ed55bbe26d24913cedbca106468a5fb37a50c3"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDiffID",
"value": "sha256:8d3ac3489996423f53d6087c81180006263b79f206d3fdec9e66f0e27ceb8759"
}
]
},
...(snip)...
{
"bom-ref": "pkg:apk/alpine/zlib@1.2.11-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"type": "library",
"name": "zlib",
"version": "1.2.11-r3",
"licenses": [
{
"expression": "Zlib"
}
],
"purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/zlib@1.2.11-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcName",
"value": "zlib"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcVersion",
"value": "1.2.11-r3"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDigest",
"value": "sha256:59bf1c3509f33515622619af21ed55bbe26d24913cedbca106468a5fb37a50c3"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDiffID",
"value": "sha256:8d3ac3489996423f53d6087c81180006263b79f206d3fdec9e66f0e27ceb8759"
}
]
},
{
"bom-ref": "3da6a469-964d-4b4e-b67d-e94ec7c88d37",
"type": "operating-system",
"name": "alpine",
"version": "3.15.0",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:Type",
"value": "alpine"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:Class",
"value": "os-pkgs"
}
]
}
],
"dependencies": [
{
"ref": "3da6a469-964d-4b4e-b67d-e94ec7c88d37",
"dependsOn": [
"pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-baselayout@3.2.0-r18?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-keys@2.4-r1?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/apk-tools@2.12.7-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/busybox@1.34.1-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/ca-certificates-bundle@20191127-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libc-utils@0.7.2-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libcrypto1.1@1.1.1l-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libretls@3.3.4-r2?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libssl1.1@1.1.1l-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/musl@1.2.2-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/musl-utils@1.2.2-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/scanelf@1.3.3-r0?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/ssl_client@1.34.1-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/zlib@1.2.11-r3?distro=3.15.0"
]
},
{
"ref": "pkg:oci/alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300?repository_url=index.docker.io%2Flibrary%2Falpine&arch=amd64",
"dependsOn": [
"3da6a469-964d-4b4e-b67d-e94ec7c88d37"
]
}
]
}
Supported packages
Trivy supports the following packages.
Formats
CycloneDX
Trivy can generate SBOM in the CycloneDX format. Note that XML format is not supported at the moment.
You can use the regular subcommands (like image, fs and rootfs) and specify cyclonedx with the --format option.
CycloneDX can represent either or both SBOM or BOV.
By default, --format cyclonedx represents SBOM and doesn't include vulnerabilities in the CycloneDX output.
$ trivy image --format cyclonedx --output result.json alpine:3.15
2022-07-19T07:47:27.624Z INFO "--format cyclonedx" disables security scanning. Specify "--scanners vuln" explicitly if you want to include vulnerabilities in the CycloneDX report.
Result
$ cat result.json | jq .
{
"bomFormat": "CycloneDX",
"specVersion": "1.5",
"serialNumber": "urn:uuid:2be5773d-7cd3-4b4b-90a5-e165474ddace",
"version": 1,
"metadata": {
"timestamp": "2022-02-22T15:11:40.270597Z",
"tools": {
"components": [
{
"type": "application",
"group": "aquasecurity",
"name": "trivy",
"version": "dev"
}
]
},
"component": {
"bom-ref": "pkg:oci/alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300?repository_url=index.docker.io%2Flibrary%2Falpine&arch=amd64",
"type": "container",
"name": "alpine:3.15",
"version": "",
"purl": "pkg:oci/alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300?repository_url=index.docker.io%2Flibrary%2Falpine&arch=amd64",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SchemaVersion",
"value": "2"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:ImageID",
"value": "sha256:c059bfaa849c4d8e4aecaeb3a10c2d9b3d85f5165c66ad3a4d937758128c4d18"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:RepoDigest",
"value": "alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:DiffID",
"value": "sha256:8d3ac3489996423f53d6087c81180006263b79f206d3fdec9e66f0e27ceb8759"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:RepoTag",
"value": "alpine:3.15"
}
]
}
},
"components": [
{
"bom-ref": "pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-baselayout@3.2.0-r18?distro=3.15.0",
"type": "library",
"name": "alpine-baselayout",
"version": "3.2.0-r18",
"licenses": [
{
"expression": "GPL-2.0-only"
}
],
"purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-baselayout@3.2.0-r18?distro=3.15.0",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcName",
"value": "alpine-baselayout"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcVersion",
"value": "3.2.0-r18"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDigest",
"value": "sha256:59bf1c3509f33515622619af21ed55bbe26d24913cedbca106468a5fb37a50c3"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDiffID",
"value": "sha256:8d3ac3489996423f53d6087c81180006263b79f206d3fdec9e66f0e27ceb8759"
}
]
},
...(snip)...
{
"bom-ref": "pkg:apk/alpine/zlib@1.2.11-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"type": "library",
"name": "zlib",
"version": "1.2.11-r3",
"licenses": [
{
"expression": "Zlib"
}
],
"purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/zlib@1.2.11-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcName",
"value": "zlib"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:SrcVersion",
"value": "1.2.11-r3"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDigest",
"value": "sha256:59bf1c3509f33515622619af21ed55bbe26d24913cedbca106468a5fb37a50c3"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:LayerDiffID",
"value": "sha256:8d3ac3489996423f53d6087c81180006263b79f206d3fdec9e66f0e27ceb8759"
}
]
},
{
"bom-ref": "3da6a469-964d-4b4e-b67d-e94ec7c88d37",
"type": "operating-system",
"name": "alpine",
"version": "3.15.0",
"properties": [
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:Type",
"value": "alpine"
},
{
"name": "aquasecurity:trivy:Class",
"value": "os-pkgs"
}
]
}
],
"dependencies": [
{
"ref": "3da6a469-964d-4b4e-b67d-e94ec7c88d37",
"dependsOn": [
"pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-baselayout@3.2.0-r18?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/alpine-keys@2.4-r1?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/apk-tools@2.12.7-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/busybox@1.34.1-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/ca-certificates-bundle@20191127-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libc-utils@0.7.2-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libcrypto1.1@1.1.1l-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libretls@3.3.4-r2?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/libssl1.1@1.1.1l-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/musl@1.2.2-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/musl-utils@1.2.2-r7?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/scanelf@1.3.3-r0?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/ssl_client@1.34.1-r3?distro=3.15.0",
"pkg:apk/alpine/zlib@1.2.11-r3?distro=3.15.0"
]
},
{
"ref": "pkg:oci/alpine@sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300?repository_url=index.docker.io%2Flibrary%2Falpine&arch=amd64",
"dependsOn": [
"3da6a469-964d-4b4e-b67d-e94ec7c88d37"
]
}
],
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"id": "CVE-2021-42386",
"source": {
"name": "alpine",
"url": "https://secdb.alpinelinux.org/"
},
"ratings": [
{
"source": {
"name": "nvd"
},
"score": 7.2,
"severity": "high",
"method": "CVSSv31",
"vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
},
{
"source": {
"name": "nvd"
},
"score": 6.5,
"severity": "medium",
"method": "CVSSv2",
"vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P"
},
{
"source": {
"name": "redhat"
},
"score": 6.6,
"severity": "medium",
"method": "CVSSv31",
"vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
}
],
"cwes": [
416
],
"description": "A use-after-free in Busybox's awk applet leads to denial of service and possibly code execution when processing a crafted awk pattern in the nvalloc function",
"advisories": [
{
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-42386"
},
{
"url": "https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-42386"
}
],
"published": "2021-11-15 21:15:00 +0000 UTC",
"updated": "2022-01-04 17:14:00 +0000 UTC",
"affects": [
{
"ref": "pkg:apk/alpine/busybox@1.33.1-r3?distro=3.14.2"
},
{
"ref": "pkg:apk/alpine/ssl_client@1.33.1-r3?distro=3.14.2"
}
]
}
]
}
If you want to include vulnerabilities, you can enable vulnerability scanning via --scanners vuln.
$ trivy image --scanners vuln --format cyclonedx --output result.json alpine:3.15
SPDX
Trivy can generate SBOM in the SPDX format.
You can use the regular subcommands (like image, fs and rootfs) and specify spdx with the --format option.
$ trivy image --format spdx --output result.spdx alpine:3.15
Result
$ cat result.spdx
SPDXVersion: SPDX-2.2
DataLicense: CC0-1.0
SPDXID: SPDXRef-DOCUMENT
DocumentName: alpine:3.15
DocumentNamespace: https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy/container_image/alpine:3.15-bebf6b19-a94c-4e2c-af44-065f63923f48
Creator: Organization: aquasecurity
Creator: Tool: trivy-0.38.1
Created: 2022-04-28T07:32:57.142806Z
##### Package: zlib
PackageName: zlib
SPDXID: SPDXRef-12bc938ac028a5e1
PackageVersion: 1.2.12-r0
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: Zlib
PackageLicenseDeclared: Zlib
##### Package: apk-tools
PackageName: apk-tools
SPDXID: SPDXRef-26c274652190d87f
PackageVersion: 2.12.7-r3
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: GPL-2.0-only
PackageLicenseDeclared: GPL-2.0-only
##### Package: libretls
PackageName: libretls
SPDXID: SPDXRef-2b021966d19a8211
PackageVersion: 3.3.4-r3
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: ISC AND (BSD-3-Clause OR MIT)
PackageLicenseDeclared: ISC AND (BSD-3-Clause OR MIT)
##### Package: busybox
PackageName: busybox
SPDXID: SPDXRef-317ce3476703f20d
PackageVersion: 1.34.1-r5
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: GPL-2.0-only
PackageLicenseDeclared: GPL-2.0-only
##### Package: libcrypto1.1
PackageName: libcrypto1.1
SPDXID: SPDXRef-34f407fb4dbd67f4
PackageVersion: 1.1.1n-r0
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: OpenSSL
PackageLicenseDeclared: OpenSSL
##### Package: libc-utils
PackageName: libc-utils
SPDXID: SPDXRef-4bbc1cb449d54083
PackageVersion: 0.7.2-r3
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: BSD-2-Clause AND BSD-3-Clause
PackageLicenseDeclared: BSD-2-Clause AND BSD-3-Clause
##### Package: alpine-keys
PackageName: alpine-keys
SPDXID: SPDXRef-a3bdd174be1456b6
PackageVersion: 2.4-r1
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: MIT
PackageLicenseDeclared: MIT
##### Package: ca-certificates-bundle
PackageName: ca-certificates-bundle
SPDXID: SPDXRef-ac6472ba26fb991c
PackageVersion: 20211220-r0
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: MPL-2.0 AND MIT
PackageLicenseDeclared: MPL-2.0 AND MIT
##### Package: libssl1.1
PackageName: libssl1.1
SPDXID: SPDXRef-b2d1b1d70fe90f7d
PackageVersion: 1.1.1n-r0
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: OpenSSL
PackageLicenseDeclared: OpenSSL
##### Package: scanelf
PackageName: scanelf
SPDXID: SPDXRef-c617077ba6649520
PackageVersion: 1.3.3-r0
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: GPL-2.0-only
PackageLicenseDeclared: GPL-2.0-only
##### Package: musl
PackageName: musl
SPDXID: SPDXRef-ca80b810029cde0e
PackageVersion: 1.2.2-r7
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: MIT
PackageLicenseDeclared: MIT
##### Package: alpine-baselayout
PackageName: alpine-baselayout
SPDXID: SPDXRef-d782e64751ba9faa
PackageVersion: 3.2.0-r18
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: GPL-2.0-only
PackageLicenseDeclared: GPL-2.0-only
##### Package: musl-utils
PackageName: musl-utils
SPDXID: SPDXRef-e5e8a237f6162e22
PackageVersion: 1.2.2-r7
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: MIT BSD GPL2+
PackageLicenseDeclared: MIT BSD GPL2+
##### Package: ssl_client
PackageName: ssl_client
SPDXID: SPDXRef-fdf0ce84f6337be4
PackageVersion: 1.34.1-r5
FilesAnalyzed: false
PackageLicenseConcluded: GPL-2.0-only
PackageLicenseDeclared: GPL-2.0-only
SPDX-JSON format is also supported by using spdx-json with the --format option.
$ trivy image --format spdx-json --output result.spdx.json alpine:3.15
Result
$ cat result.spdx.json | jq .
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-DOCUMENT",
"creationInfo": {
"created": "2022-04-28T08:16:55.328255Z",
"creators": [
"Tool: trivy-0.38.1",
"Organization: aquasecurity"
]
},
"dataLicense": "CC0-1.0",
"documentNamespace": "http://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy/container_image/alpine:3.15-d9549e3a-a4c5-4ee3-8bde-8c78d451fbe7",
"name": "alpine:3.15",
"packages": [
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-12bc938ac028a5e1",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "Zlib",
"licenseDeclared": "Zlib",
"name": "zlib",
"versionInfo": "1.2.12-r0"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-26c274652190d87f",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "GPL-2.0-only",
"licenseDeclared": "GPL-2.0-only",
"name": "apk-tools",
"versionInfo": "2.12.7-r3"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-2b021966d19a8211",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "ISC AND (BSD-3-Clause OR MIT)",
"licenseDeclared": "ISC AND (BSD-3-Clause OR MIT)",
"name": "libretls",
"versionInfo": "3.3.4-r3"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-317ce3476703f20d",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "GPL-2.0-only",
"licenseDeclared": "GPL-2.0-only",
"name": "busybox",
"versionInfo": "1.34.1-r5"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-34f407fb4dbd67f4",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "OpenSSL",
"licenseDeclared": "OpenSSL",
"name": "libcrypto1.1",
"versionInfo": "1.1.1n-r0"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-4bbc1cb449d54083",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "BSD-2-Clause AND BSD-3-Clause",
"licenseDeclared": "BSD-2-Clause AND BSD-3-Clause",
"name": "libc-utils",
"versionInfo": "0.7.2-r3"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-a3bdd174be1456b6",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "MIT",
"licenseDeclared": "MIT",
"name": "alpine-keys",
"versionInfo": "2.4-r1"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-ac6472ba26fb991c",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "MPL-2.0 AND MIT",
"licenseDeclared": "MPL-2.0 AND MIT",
"name": "ca-certificates-bundle",
"versionInfo": "20211220-r0"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-b2d1b1d70fe90f7d",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "OpenSSL",
"licenseDeclared": "OpenSSL",
"name": "libssl1.1",
"versionInfo": "1.1.1n-r0"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-c617077ba6649520",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "GPL-2.0-only",
"licenseDeclared": "GPL-2.0-only",
"name": "scanelf",
"versionInfo": "1.3.3-r0"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-ca80b810029cde0e",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "MIT",
"licenseDeclared": "MIT",
"name": "musl",
"versionInfo": "1.2.2-r7"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-d782e64751ba9faa",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "GPL-2.0-only",
"licenseDeclared": "GPL-2.0-only",
"name": "alpine-baselayout",
"versionInfo": "3.2.0-r18"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-e5e8a237f6162e22",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "MIT BSD GPL2+",
"licenseDeclared": "MIT BSD GPL2+",
"name": "musl-utils",
"versionInfo": "1.2.2-r7"
},
{
"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-fdf0ce84f6337be4",
"filesAnalyzed": false,
"licenseConcluded": "GPL-2.0-only",
"licenseDeclared": "GPL-2.0-only",
"name": "ssl_client",
"versionInfo": "1.34.1-r5"
}
],
"spdxVersion": "SPDX-2.2"
}
Scanning
Trivy can take SBOM documents as input for scanning. See here for more details.
Also, Trivy searches for SBOM files in container images.
$ trivy image bitnami/elasticsearch:8.7.1
For example, Bitnami images contain SBOM files in /opt/bitnami directory.
Trivy automatically detects the SBOM files and uses them for scanning.
It is enabled in the following targets.
| Target | Enabled |
|---|---|
| Container Image | ✓ |
| Filesystem | |
| Rootfs | ✓ |
| Git Repository | |
| VM Image | ✓ |
| Kubernetes | |
| AWS | |
| SBOM |